Lately I’ve been working my way through Mastering Bitcoin, implementing as many of the examples in the book in Elixir as I can.
- Generate Public Key Btc From Private Keys
- Generate Rsa Public Private Key
- Generate Public Key Btc From Private Keyboard
In my earlier guide on Bitcoin wallets, I have used two terms extensively- Private Address (or key) and Public Address (or key). These keys are what makes Bitcoin the safest and most widely used cryptocurrency. To understand private keys and public keys, let us look at an example. Consider a mailbox where you receive your physical mail.
You see, to create a public key from a private one, Bitcoin uses the ECDSA, or Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm. More specifically, it uses one particular curve called secp256k1. Now, this curve has an order of 256 bits, takes 256 bits as input, and outputs 256-bit integers. Feb 12, 2015 As seen in our guides to elliptic curve cryptography and how to create a Bitcoin Private key – a public key is in fact just coordinates on the Bitcoin curve calculated through multiplying the generator point by the private key number. X coordinate= 7a633d546e723c3f2f2a227b6d393b35303d38. Sep 26, 2019 The Anatomy Of A Bitcoin Address Commonly Confused With A Public Key Bitcoin Wallet Private Key Finder Public Key Of Bitcoin Address Litecoin Time To Buy Boraklar Insaat Getting Invalid Bitcoin Private Key But Valid Public Key Stack Bitcoin Qt Export Private Key Bitcoin Gold Is A Fork Of The Bitcoin Exporting Private Key From Bitcoin Clients!
I’ve been amazed at how well Elixir has fared with implementing the algorithms involved in working with Bitcoin keys and addresses. Elixir ships with all the tools required to generate a cryptographically secure private key and transform it into a public address string.
Let’s walk through the process step by step and build our our own Elixir module to generate private keys and public addresses.
What are Private Keys and Public Addresses?
A Bitcoin private key is really just a random two hundred fifty six bit number. As the name implies, this number is intended to be kept private.
From each private key, a public-facing Bitcoin address can be generated. Bitcoin can be sent to this public address by anyone in the world. However, only the keeper of the private key can produce a signature that allows them to access the Bitcoin stored there.
Let’s use Elixir to generate a cryptographically secure private key and then generate its most basic corresponding public address so we can receive some Bitcoin!
Pulling a Private Key Out of Thin Air
As I mentioned earlier, a Bitcoin private key is really just a random two hundred and fifty six bit number. In other words, a private key can be any number between
0
and 2^256
.However, not all random numbers are created equally. We need to be sure that we’re generating our random number from a cryptographically secure source of entropy. Thankfully, Elixir exposes Erlang’s
:crypto.strong_rand_bytes/1
function which lets us easily generate a list of truly random bytes.Let’s use
:crypto.strong_rand_bytes/1
as the basis for our private key generator. We’ll start by creating a new PrivateKey
module and a generate/0
function that takes no arguments:Inside our
generate/0
function, we’ll request 32
random bytes (or 256
bits) from :crypto.strong_rand_bytes/1
:This gives us a random set of
32
bytes that, when viewed as an unsigned integer, ranges between 0
and 2^256-1
.Unfortunately, we’re not quite done.
Validating our Private Key
To ensure that our private key is difficult to guess, the Standards for Efficient Cryptography Group recommends that we pick a private key between the number
1
and a number slightly smaller than 1.158e77
:We can add this validation check fairly easily by adding the SECG-provided upper bound as an attribute to our
PrivateKey
module:Next, we’ll add a
valid?/1
function to our module that returns true
if the provided secret key falls within this range, and false
if it does not:Before we pass our private key into our
valid?/1
function, we’ll need to convert it from a thirty two byte binary into an unsigned integer. Let’s add a third valid?/1
function head that does just that:We’ll finish off our validation by passing our generated private key into our new
valid?/1
function. If the key is valid, we’ll return it. Otherwise, we’ll generate a new private key and try again:Now we can call
PrivateKey.generate
to generate a new Bitcoin private key!From Private Key to Public Key …
The most basic process for turning a Bitcoin private key into a sharable public address involves three basic steps. The first step is to transform our private key into a public key with the help of elliptic curve cryptography.
We’ll start by adding a new
to_public_key/1
function to our PrivateKey
module:In our
to_public_key/1
function, we’ll use Erlang’s :crypto.generate_key
function to sign our private_key
using an elliptic curve. We’ll specifically use the :secp256k1
curve:We’re using the elliptic curve key generation as a trapdoor function to ensure our private key’s secrecy. It’s easy for us to generate our public key from our private key, but reversing the computation and generating our private key from our public key is nearly impossible.
The
:crypto.generate_key
function returns a two-element tuple. The first element in this tuple is our Bitcoin public key. We’ll pull it out using Elixir’s elem/1
function:The returned value is a sixty five byte binary representing our public key!
… Public Key to Public Hash …
Once we have our public key in memory, our next step in transforming it into a public address is to hash it. This gives us what’s called the “public hash” of our public key.
Let’s make a new function,
to_public_hash/1
that takes our private_key
as an argument:We’ll start the hashing process by turning our
private_key
into a public key with a call to to_public_key
:Next, we pipe our public key through two hashing functions: SHA-256, followed by RIPEMD-160:
Bitcoin uses the RIPEMD-160 hashing algorithm because it produces a short hash. The intermediate SHA-256 hashing is used to prevent insecurities through unexpected interactions between our elliptic curve signing algorithm and the RIPEMD algorithm.
In this example,
hash/1
is a helper function that wraps Erlang’s :crypto.hash
.Generate btc address from private key. Flipping the arguments to
:crypto.hash
in this way lets us easily pipe our data through the hash/1
helper.… And Public Hash to Public Address
Lastly, we can convert our public hash into a full-fledged Bitcoin address by Base58Check encoding the hash with a version byte corresponding to the network where we’re using the address.
Let’s add a
to_public_address/2
function to our PrivateKey
module:The
to_public_address/2
function takes a private_key
and a version
byte as its arguments. The version
defaults to <<0x00>>
, indicating that this address will be used on the live Bitcoin network.To create a Bitcoin address, we start by converting our
private_key
into a public hash with a call to to_public_hash/1
:All that’s left to do is Base58Check encode the resulting hash with the provided
version
byte:https://notnew154.weebly.com/blog/toad-125-license-key-generator. After laying the groundwork, the final pieces of the puzzle effortlessly fall into place.
Putting Our Creation to Use
Now that we can generate cryptographically secure private keys and transform them into publishable public addresses, we’re in business.
Literally!
Let’s generate a new private key, transform it into its corresponding public address, and try out on the Bitcoin testnet. We’ll start by generating our private key:
This gives us a thirty two byte binary. If we wanted, we could Base58Check encode this with a testnet
version
byte of 0xEF
. This is known as the “Wallet Import Format”, or WIF, of our Bitcoin private key:As its name suggests, converting our private key into a WIF allows us to easily import it into most Bitcoin wallet software: Linux generate ssh key bitbucket.
Generate Public Key Btc From Private Keys
Next, let’s convert our private key into a testnet public address using a
version
byte of 0x6F
:Now that we have our public address, let’s find a testnet faucet and send a few tBTC to our newly generated address! After initiating the transaction with our faucet, we should see our Bitcoin arrive at our address on either a blockchain explorer, or within our wallet software.
Victory!
Final Thoughts
Elixir, thanks to its Erlang heritage, ships with a wealth of tools that make this kind of hashing, signing, and byte mashing a walk in the park.
I encourage you to check our the
PrivateKey
module on Github to get a better feel for the simplicity of the code we wrote today. Overall, I’m very happy with the result.Generate Rsa Public Private Key
If you enjoyed this article, I highly recommend you check out the Mastering Bitcoin book. If you really enjoyed this article, feel free to send a few Bitcoin to this address I generated using our new
PrivateKey
module:Stay tuned for more Bitcoin-related content as I work my way through Mastering Bitcoin!
Generate A Bitcoin Private Key Forex Trading
Bitcoin Private Key Finder Crack
Token Security Cryptography Part 2 Blockchainhub
Bitcoin Private Key Finder Application Saxo Trader Demo Download
How To Get Private Key Bitcoin Arbitrage Trade Bitcoin Allin Sigorta
The Anatomy Of A Bitcoin Address Commonly Confused With A Public Key
Bitcoin Wallet Private Key Finder
Public Key Of Bitcoin Address Litecoin Time To Buy Boraklar Insaat
Getting Invalid Bitcoin Private Key But Valid Public Key Stack
Bitcoin Qt Export Private Key Bitcoin Gold Is A Fork Of The Bitcoin
Exporting Private Key From Bitcoin Clients
! Generate Public Key Btc From Private Keyboard
Litecoin Qt Import Wallet Ethereum One Year Price Target
Public Key For Testnet Address Bitcoin Stack Exchange
Bitcoin Key Generation
Bitcoin Wallet Mit Private Key
Crack My Private Key Get A Reward Btc